Physical Science: Energy Guided Notes

What is Energy?  Guided Notes

What is Energy?

• Energy is the power to _________________________.
• Energy is the ________________________________.
• The sun gives out _____________ and __________ energy.
• Light uses electrical energy.
• Batteries for flashlights use ______________________.

2 Kinds of Energy

• One is __________________ and the other is ________________ to do work.
• Kinetic and Potential Energy

Potential Energy

• Energy that is ____________________ to do work may be:
• Sitting above ground level
• Is compressed or _________________ in some way.
• Found in the attraction between atoms.
• This is _________________________.
• Potential Energy is ______________________ which means it has the ability to do work.
• Examples:
• A ________________ when it stretches
• A yo-yo ___________________ you let it fall

Kinetic Energy

• When we see energy doing ______________, it is pushing or pulling, glowing, or _________________________.
• This is _______________________.
• Kinetic Energy is _______________________________.
• Examples:
• A rubber band __________________ through the air.
• A yo-yo in ______________________.

Forms of Energy

Mechanical energy

Thermal energy

Chemical energy

Electrical energy

Light energy

Sound energy

Nuclear energy

Mechanical Energy

• Energy associated with _______________ or position of an object.
• Examples:
• A hammer uses mechanical energy to do work. The mechanical energy of the hammer gives it the ability to apply the force to the nail in order to move the nail.

Thermal Energy

• Total energy of the ______________ in a substance or material.
• When the thermal energy of an object increases, particles move ______________, making the temperature of the object rise.
• Example:
• Ice cream melts when its thermal energy increases.

Chemical Energy

• Potential energy stored in ____________________ bonds.
• Examples:
• Food that you eat
• Match used to light a candle
• Cells of your body

Electrical Energy

• _____________________electrical charges produce electricity.
• Examples:
• Radios
• Light
• Computers
• Static shock

Electromagnetic Energy

• Energy that travels in ____________________.
• Examples:
• Visible light
• Ultraviolet light
• Microwaves

Nuclear Energy

• Energy stored in the ____________ of the atom and is released during nuclear reactions.
• Examples:
• Sun
• Stars
• Nuclear power plant

Potential Energy Converted to Kinetic Energy…

• When stored energy begins to move, the object now transfers from potential energy into __________________ energy.
• Stored potential ___________________ energy in a flashlight’s batteries become __________________ energy when the flashlight is turned on.
• Food is ______________________. It is stored as a chemical with potential energy.  When your body uses that stored energy to do work, it becomes _____________________.
• When you talk on the phone, your voice is _________________ into electrical energy, which passes over wires.  The phone on the other end changes the electrical energy into ________________ through the speaker.
• A television changes electrical energy into _______________________.